^ Gary Fabbri, Malin Fabbri Blueprint to Cyanotypes – Exploring a Historical Alternative Photographic Process, 2006 ISBN 141169838X page 7.Woods From Craft to Profession: The Practice of Architecture in Nineteenth-Century America University of California Press, 1999 ISBN 0520214943, pages 239–240 Liebing Architectural Working Drawings, John Wiley & Sons, 1999 ISBN 0471348767 page 576 Morningside Heights, New York City: Columbia University Press. The Columbia Encyclopedia in One Volume (hardbound) (Second ed.). ^ Bridgwater, William Sherwood, Elizabeth J., eds.^ Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (6th ed.), Oxford University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-920687-2.Chicago: William Benton, Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. bridges, buildings, sewer systems, roads, railroads, etc., and sometimes in legal matters concerning the determination of, for example, property boundaries, or who owns (and/or is responsible for) a boundary wall. These originals have significant importance to the repair and alteration of constructions still in use, e.g. 1990 will only have paper blueprints, not digital. Most buildings and roads constructed before c. In many situations their conversion to digital form is prohibitively expensive. Many of the original paper blueprints are archived since they are still in use.
BLUEPRINT SYNONYM SOFTWARE
Construction crews use software in the field to edit, share, and view blueprint documents in real-time. Software allows users to view and annotate electronic drawing files. These displays include mobile devices, such as smartphones or tablets.
In the case of construction plans, such as road work or erecting a building, the supervising workers may view the "blueprints" directly on displays, rather than using printed paper sheets. The sequence is a computer file which will control the operation of the machine tools used to make the part. The computer-aided design program generates a computer numerical control sequence from the approved design. In most computer-aided design of parts to be machined, paper is avoided altogether, and the finished design is an image on the computer display. As computer-aided design techniques came into use, the designs were printed directly using a computer printer or plotter. 1975, they replaced the older printing methods. When large size xerography machines became available, c. Xerography is standard copy machine technology using toner on bond paper. Diazo prints remained in use until they were replaced by xerographic print processes. Other comparable dye-based prints were known as blacklines. The drawings are also called blue-lines or bluelines. This technique produces blue lines on a white background.
In the early 1940s, cyanotype blueprint began to be supplanted by diazo prints, also known as whiteprints. Traditional blueprints became obsolete when less expensive printing methods and digital displays became available. The result is a copy of the original image with the clear background area rendered dark blue and the image reproduced as a white line. The unconverted coating is washed away, and the paper is then dried. When a strong image is seen the frame is brought indoors to stop the process. Where the India ink blocks the ultra-violet light the coating does not convert and remains soluble. Where ultra-violet light is transmitted through the tracing paper, the light-sensitive coating converts to a stable blue or black dye. The frame is put out into daylight, requiring a minute or two under a bright sun, or about ten minutes under an overcast sky to complete the exposure. The tracing paper drawing is placed on top of the sensitized paper, and both are clamped under glass, in a daylight exposure frame, which is similar to a picture frame. Engineers and architects drew their designs on cartridge paper these were then traced on to tracing paper using India ink for reproduction whenever needed.
This is a simple process for the reproduction of any light transmitting document. Excess ammonium ferric citrate and potassium ferricyanide are then washed away. The image is then developed using a solution of potassium ferricyanide forming insoluble ferroferricyanide ( Prussian blue or Turnbull's blue) with the divalent iron. When the paper is illuminated, a photoreaction turns the trivalent ferric iron into divalent ferrous iron. The paper is impregnated with a solution of ammonium ferric citrate and dried. The best known is a process using ammonium ferric citrate and potassium ferricyanide. The blueprint process is based on a photosensitive ferric compound.
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